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July 22, 2021
Uncategorized

改進拍賣理論 美兩學者獲諾貝爾經濟獎

本屆諾貝爾經濟學獎得主週一(12日)揭盅,由兩位美國經濟學者共同奪得,表彰他們改進拍賣理論(Auction Theory),以及為難以依據傳統方式出售的商品及服務,研發新的拍賣形式,惠及全球的賣家、買家及納稅人。

得主米爾格羅姆(Paul R. Milgrom)及威爾遜(Robert B. Wilson)現時均是史丹福大學學者;威爾遜是米爾格羅姆的博士學位指導教授。現今拍賣商品林林總總,研究員根據拍賣理論嘗試了解拍賣形式,即不同拍賣規則及價錢的結果。惟買家根據掌握的資訊策略性地參與拍賣,令研究的分析很困難。

諾貝爾獎委員會表示,威爾遜發展名為「共同價值」(Common Value)理論,指出價值在拍賣前是不確定,但最終對所有人都是一樣,例子包括無線電頻率或特定地區礦物的未來價值。米爾格羅姆創立更普遍的拍賣理論,顯示不同買家的「私人價值」(Private Values)亦有分別。

今屆諾貝爾獎有12位得主,排除和平獎的世界糧食計劃署,餘下11位當中有7人是美國人。分析指這是美國在二戰後,對研究及高等教育投資的成果。

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