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July 22, 2021
Uncategorized

美國消費者支出小幅增長 通貨膨脹有所上升

美國12月消費者支出穩步增長,但不溫不火的收入增長顯示今年消費增長溫和,這可能限制經濟增長。

商務部周五公佈,12月份消費者支出增長0.3%,符合經濟學家的預期。家庭在醫療保健方面的支出增加。 11月份的增幅為0.4%。這些數據包括在周四發布的第四季度國內生產總值(GDP)報告中。政府報告​​稱,上季度消費支出的年化增長率降至1.8%,而7-9月期間的增長率為3.2%。 2019年最後三個月的經濟增長率為2.1%,與第三季度持平。

在商業投資不斷下滑的情況下,消費者支出的降溫可能會讓美國經濟在2020年進入一個較低的增長軌道。美國歷史上持續時間最長的經濟擴張是由穩定的消費者支出推動的,但美國人的支出是有限的。不過,由於美國經濟獲得了美聯儲去年三次降息的支持,短期內不太可能出現衰退。儘管最近通脹率有所上升,但仍處於相當低的水平。

以個人消費支出(PCE)價格指數衡量的消費者價格指數上個月上漲了0.3%,這是自4月份以來的最大漲幅。多數經濟學家預計,2020年通脹率將升至2%左右,但可能不會再高很多。如若如此,美聯儲今年不太可能加息。低利率應該會進一步提振消費者支出和整體經濟。

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