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January 9, 2025
美國要聞

聯邦法官推翻拜登政府對《第九條修正案》的修改

肯塔基州一名聯邦法官週四裁定,拜登政府擴大對 LGBTQ+ 學生保護的《教育法修正案第九條》(Title IX)規定超越了總統的權限,因此下令在全國範圍內廢除。

聯邦地區法官里夫斯(Danny C. Reeves)在裁決中稱,這項長達 1,500 頁的法規存在「致命」的法律缺陷,因此將其全部廢除。

他指出,教育部擴大修正案的範圍是超越了其權限,並稱在此前的法律中,沒有任何內容表明應該涵蓋比國會制定以來更多的內容,形容這是「試圖繞過立法程序並徹底改變第九條修正案」。

里夫斯也發現,要求教師使用符合學生性別認同的代名詞侵犯了言論自由權。

拜登政府去年最終制定新規時引發爭議。法規擴大了 1972 年頒布的禁止教育領域性別歧視的《第九條》法律,也包括防止基於性別認同或性傾向的歧視,同時擴大了騷擾的定義,將更廣泛的不當行為納入其中。

民權倡議者認為這是一場勝利,並為 LGBTQ+ 學生提供了對抗歧視的新途徑。但新法同時引起了保守派的反對,認為這可以被用來保護女子運動中的跨性別運動員。

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