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July 22, 2021
Uncategorized

研究實測:蟑螂越來越強 對殺蟲劑免疫

科學報導Scientific Reports 在二日刊登普度大學的研究顯示,蟑螂的免疫力可能比過去想像的更強。世界上最常見的德國蟑螂幾乎對所有殺蟲劑都有免疫力,而且越來越強,因此研究人員作出蟑螂幾乎不可能滅絕的結論.

研究人員在試驗中發現,蟑螂可對牠們的天敵殺蟲劑,迅速產生免疫力。許多昆蟲至少可對一種殺蟲劑產生免疫力,但生存時間只有一百日的蟑螂的進化快,牠們產生的免疫力透過基因迅速傳給下一代。德國蟑螂只在人類環境中生存,牠們可滋生引發哮喘的過敏原,並攜帶沙門氏菌、腸球菌、大腸桿菌,及其他對抗生素有耐藥性的微生物的病原體。

為了測驗蟑螂的免疫力,研究人員六個月內在印第安那和伊利諾州的兩座房屋群,對三個不同的蟑螂高發區,使用三種不同的殺蟲劑,由滅蟲專業人員進行操作。結果是無論採用邊一種組合,蟑螂的數量都無減少,包括對蟑螂一次使用多種殺蟲劑,而滅蟲人員經常是一次使用多種殺蟲劑來消滅蟑螂。

研究人員表示,不但蟑螂的數量無減少,而且牠們對三種藥物的免疫力亦迅速增強。但研究人員發現,名為阿維菌素膠囊的殺蟲劑可至少殺滅一部分蟑螂,但條件是這部分蟑螂的抗藥性低。研究人員還要進行基因試驗才能知道答案。研究人員的結論是蟑螂幾乎不可能滅絕。除了多數滅蟲劑的效果不佳外,還有蟑螂的免疫力強。牠們四到六個月就能產生極強的免疫力。

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