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January 13, 2026
美國要聞

最高法院審理兩案 涉禁跨性別運動員參賽爭議

最高法院週二審理兩起案件,內容涉及各州對跨性別學生加入學校運動隊的限制;預計最高法院將在初夏做出裁決。

這兩起案件分別基於西維珍尼亞州和愛達荷州的法律,相關法律禁止跨性別運動員參與女子運動。

提告的兩名跨性別運動員認為,該法律將所有跨性別女孩和女性完全排除在學校運動之外,並給予她們比同齡人更差的待遇。

兩個州份的官員則堅稱,禁令並未基於跨性別認同進行歧視,並對性別做出了合理的區分。

儘管這兩個州的下級法院都阻止了相關禁令的實施,但在保守派佔多數的最高法院,結果可能截然不同。

最高法院將審議相關禁令是否違反憲法或教育法修正案第九條(Title IX);該修正案禁止學校中存在基於性別的歧視。最高法院在過去一年已允許多項針對跨性別者的限制措施生效。

近年來,全美有27個州通過了類似的法律,要求公立和大學體育隊必須「按生理性別」劃分,並限制跨性別女孩和女性參加與其性別認同相符的隊伍。

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