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August 31, 2022
國際關注

前蘇聯總統戈爾巴喬夫逝世 各國領袖表達哀悼

前蘇聯最後一任總統戈爾巴喬夫因長期重病逝世,終年91歲,預計其葬禮將於週六舉行,各國領袖也對他的離世致以最深切的哀悼。

莫斯科中央臨床醫院當地時間30日晚上,對外宣佈戈爾巴喬夫逝世的消息,他將被安葬在莫斯科新聖女公墓,緊鄰其夫人賴莎所下葬的墓地。

各國領袖對他的離世發表聲明。聯合國秘書長古特雷斯在推文中稱,戈爾巴喬夫是一位獨一無二的政治家,曾改變歷史進程。總統拜登及俄羅斯總統普京也致以最深切的哀悼。

戈爾巴喬夫1931年生於農民家庭,在莫斯科大學修讀法律,54歲出任蘇共中央總書記。他外交方面向西方示好,任內與華府簽署減少核武的銷毀中程導彈條約,並從阿富汗和蒙古撤軍。

1989年改變政策,減少控制多個東歐國家,導致「東歐劇變」,多國共產政權被推翻,象徵冷戰的柏林圍牆在同年年底倒下。

戈爾巴喬夫在國內推動經濟改革,但提高不到生產力,同時引發嚴重通脹、經濟一落千丈、民眾生活水平下降,他下放政治權力亦導致民粹和分離主義升溫,多個加盟共和國先後脫離蘇聯獨立。

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